Submarine

There is indirect confirmation of the use of submarines as far back as ancient Greece. In the Middle Ages, the idea of underwater vessel suggested Leonardo da Vinci, but he destroyed his drawings, not to carry hatred of people and under water. In the late 16 th century submarine built Bourn, in the early 17 - Drebbel. These and the other «potaennye» Court had manual transmission. Then deployed steam and electric motors. And in the early 20 th century began to use diesel. This engine is given the opportunity to create greater range and achieve greater speed. The main weapon of the time were mines, but applied and torpedoes. During the 1st World War II submarines built a great threat to warships and transport vessels.
Awareness of the importance of the fleet, and in particular the underwater prompted many countries to modernize and expand its fleet. A particularly successful in building submarine fleet Soviet Union, had a 2 times more boats than the second place Italy. True, these were small and medium-sized vessels and laying large scheduled for mid-40-ies. A particularly successful in World War II German submarine designers. By its end, they already have the theoretical possibility of installing on submarine ballistic missiles.
The third peak of development submarine fleet coming into the Cold War years, when it was necessary to have an invisible and subtle powerful weapons. At the same time, there were submarines with nuclear engines, which have virtually unlimited range.
Modern submarines can be systematized on several grounds: the engine, the goals of arms. The engine can be nuclear or diesel, diesel-electric. According to distinguish between objectives: multipurpose, submarines with cruise missiles, ballistic missiles, special-purpose torpedo-missile.